Definitions

1. Data is a physical concept, a raw sequence of bits and bytes stored on a computer.
2. Data is a collection of these single facts, statistics, or observations.
3. Data is the raw material of a system supplied by data producers and is used by information consumers to create information.
4. Data is the lowest level of abstraction, information is the next level, and finally, knowledge is the highest level among all three.
5. Data is a set of unrelated information, and as such is of no use until it is properly evaluated.

Data Connection

1. One data connection will usually carry a stream of packets of data that will not necessarily be all routed the same way over the physical network.
2. At this point, the data connection has been established and the server will send the requested data over the connection.
3. If no data is sent to the client in this amount of time, the data connection is closed.

Access

1. Session beans don't represent records or data in the database like entity beans but can access data in the database.
2. When a program needs to access data from the disk, it first checks the disk cache to see if the data is there.

Data Modeling

1. In addition to defining and organizing the data, data modeling may also impose constraints or limitations on the data placed within the structure.
2. In computer science, data modeling is the process of creating a data model by applying a data model theory to create a data model instance.
3. This process is called data modeling and results in a picture of object relationships.

Data Model

1. A data model is not just a way of structuring data: it also defines a set of operations that can be performed on the data.
2. XQuery 1.0 and XPath 2.0 share the same data model and support the same functions and operators.
3. The data model will tend to determine the query languages that are available to access the database.

Data Communications

1. Data Communications: The transmission and reception of data between locations.
2. In data communications, cleartext is the form of a message or data which is transferred or stored without cryptographic protection.
3. Packet switching, now the dominant basis for both data and voice communication worldwide, was a new and important concept in data communications.

Voice

1. Voice over Internet Protocol is the converting of the voice signal to data (IP) packets and then sending the packets over an IP network.
2. ATM provides a high-speed transmission for all types of communications, from voice to video to data, over one network with small, fixed-size cells.
3. DSL is even faster than ISDN. And DSL sends data and voice over the same line so you talk on the phone while you connect to the Internet.

Data Structure

1. In computer science, a jump list is a data structure which resembles an ordered doubly linked list.
2. During this pass a data structure is built to hold information about each Java Virtual Machine instruction in the method.
3. All of this information can be encoded in a small (around 100 bytes) data structure whose length is independent of the size of the message it describes.

Transfer Data

1. FTP or File Transfer Protocol is used to transfer data from one computer to another over the Internet, or through a network.
2. In response to these limitations, software has been developed to enable computers within a network to transfer data among each other.
3. Establishing an FTP (file transfer protocol) connection is one of the ways you can transfer data over a network.

Token

1. Access to the network is via Frame Relay Access Devices (FRADs) which translate the data (eg Ethernet, Token Ring) into frame relay packets.
2. When a computer has a message or data that needs to be sent to another in the network, it inserts a token into one of the empty frames.
3. When the token arrives at a particular computer (or device), the recipient is allowed to transmit data onto the network.

Data Interface

1. The specific selection of a data interface is not critical to this invention, only that the system contains a method to initialize data.
2. In addition, SMDS data units are large enough to encapsulate entire IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.5, and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) frames.
3. Note: Ring topology is used by several data-link layer protocols like Ethernet, Token Ring and Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI).

Device

1. A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks based on network layer information in the data and on routing tables maintained by the router.
2. Every device on the network must have a unique MAC address to ensure proper receiving and transmission of data.
3. Only the device whose MAC address and IP address matches the destination MAC address and destination IP address carried by the data will copy the data.

Dce

1. Data Communications Equipment (DCE) - a type of network component that facilitates the sending of data such as a modem or multiplexer.
2. Functional description of a set of data, timing and control interchange circuits for use at a digital interface between a DTE and a DCE.
3. The modem is said to be DCE (Data Communications Equipment) and the computer is said to be DTE (Data Terminal Equipment).

Xml Documents

1. Because XML is a data description language, XML documents do not carry information about how to display the data.
2. Perl & XML is aimed at Perl programmers who need to work with XML documents and data.
3. Unlike HTML, tags in XML documents describe the semantics of the data and not how it is to be displayed.

Xml Document

1. Incorporated within the HTML is the XML that supplies the data, the information, contained within our XML document.
2. The XML object model is a collection of objects that you use to access and manipulate the data stored in an XML document.
3. Now let's look at how you use JAXB to access an XML document such as books.xml and display its data.

Transmission

1. Data Transmission - The sending of data from one place to another by means of signals over a channel.
2. Data Communication - The transfer of information between functional units by means of data transmission according to a protocol.
3. Voice over IP is a form of IP data transmission that permits the transport of voice packets over a public or private IP network.

Data Transmission

1. Flow control manages data transmission between devices so that the transmitting device does not send more data than the receiving device can process.
2. The methods used to control how data is sent on the network are the MAC methods that we discussed briefly in the "Data Transmission" section.
3. This module introduces you to the 7 layers of OSI model and explains how data is encapsulated for data transmission.

Protocol

1. The unit of data created by the network layer protocol, which consists of the transport layer data plus the network header, is called a datagram.
2. However, whatever protocol the transport layer uses, it relies completely on the network and lower-layer protocols to carry the data to its destination.
3. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data.

Data Transfer

1. Networks and Data Transfer uses the OSI reference model to show how networks encapsulate data and transfer it throughout a network.
2. When a network device needs to send data to another device on the same network, it knows the source and destination network addresses for the data transfer.
3. Bandwidth (Data Transfer): The amount of data that you are allowed to transfer (usually monthly).

Data Stream

1. A binary transfer is a transfer of data between two computers where the contents of the data stream are not altered during transmission.
2. IPSec: Internet Protocol Security is one such protocol that enables encryption and also authentication of every IP packet that moves in the data stream.
3. Port 20 is a data stream which transfers the data between the client and the server.

Bytes

1. Total length (16 bits): This is the total packet length, including header and data, in bytes.
2. Packet Length - This field gives the entire packet size, including header and data, in bytes.
3. The 256-bit block of data (any size of data block will do) is decomposed into 16 sub-blocks of 16 bits, or blocks of two bytes.

Mbps

1. Bandwidth - The amount of data that is able to be sent over a network, measured in Kilobytes and Megabytes per second (Kbps and Mbps).
2. In digital systems, bandwidth is expressed as bits (of data) per second (bps) or Kbps or Mbps.
3. Category 4 cabling is used in Token Ring networks and can transmit data at speeds up to 16 Mbps.

Transmitting Data

1. When your computer is transmitting data, this layer gets the data and divides it into several packets to be transmitted over the network.
2. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) A network protocol for transmitting data that requires acknowledgement from the recipient of data sent.
3. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) A network protocol for transmitting data that does not require acknowledgement from the recipient of the data that is sent.

Mean

1. Descriptive Statistics fit a normal distribution to the data: Mean is the arithmetic mean (or 'average') of the values.
2. Comparing the mean to the median for a set of data can give you an idea how widely the values in your dataset are spread apart.
3. Data from a positively skewed (skewed to the right) distribution have values that are bunched together below the mean, but have a long tail above the mean.

Data Points

1. If there is an even number of data points, then the median is the average of the middle two points.
2. If many data points are very different from the mean, then the standard deviation is high (further from zero).
3. To understand standard deviation, keep in mind that variance is the average of the squared differences between data points and the mean.

Encrypting Data

1. Public key cryptography uses a pair of keys for encryption - a public key for encrypting data, and a private key for decrypting data.
2. Cryptography is a method of encrypting data so that only a specific, private key can unlock, or decrypt, the information.
3. A Block Cipher is a method for encrypting data in chunks (several or many contiguous bits) as opposed to encoding bit-by-bit like a stream cipher.

Encrypting

1. Encrypting Data Once initialized, data is encrypted using the following function and transmitted with the CCP and MPPE headers.
2. By encrypting data you are protecting your data from other curious users who would like to know the data that is present.
3. When encrypting data a session key is generated to encrypt the data.

Outliers

1. Thus, if the mean is intended as a measure of the location of the center of the data, it is, in a sense, biased when outliers are present.
2. For example, the distribution of the data may be characterized by either bimodality or the presence of outliers.
3. A value far from most others in a set of data: "Outliers make statistical analyses difficult" (Harvey Motulsky).

Standard Deviation

1. Analysis - 1 Way Tests Calculate descriptive statistics: the mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis of the data.
2. The standard deviation is a statistic that tells you how tightly all the various examples are clustered around the mean in a set of data.
3. Secondly, the standard error of the mean can refer to an estimate of that standard deviation, computed from the sample of data being analysed at the time.

Xml Data

1. In this case, a source application encodes data from its own native format as XML, and a target application decodes the XML data into its own native format.
2. IBM's DB2 database provides relational database storage, plus pureXML to quickly serve data and reduce your work in the management of XML data.
3. An XML file can also contain processing instructions that give commands or information to an application that is processing the XML data.

Xml

1. Databases tailored for the storage of XML data represent an exciting new opportunity for improvement in the storage and manipulation of data and metadata.
2. If you do not need all the XML data in memory, the SAX API allows you to process the data as it is parsed.
3. Often it is useful to construct new XML data in the result (i.e., data that did not exist in the input document).

Dte

1. Data flow control or handshaking is a method used for communicating between a DCE and a DTE to prevent data loss during transmission.
2. The DCE controls this circuit to indicate to the DTE the type of data sent on the Receive line.
3. DCD ● 8 Data Set Ready OOB control signal: Tells DTE that DCE is ready to receive commands or data.

Data Terminal Equipment

1. DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) - The equipment, such as a computer or terminal, that provides data in the form of digital signals for transmission.
2. Data Terminal Equipment (DTE) Any source or destination of data connected to the local area network.
3. This cable connects two dissimilar devices, for example, a data terminal equipment (DTE) device and a data communications equipment (DCE) device.

Data Warehousing

1. Data warehousing was introduced to help solve these data and performance issues.
2. Data warehousing is an efficient way to manage and report on data that is from a variety of sources, non uniform and scattered throughout a company.
3. Data warehousing is an efficient way to manage demand for lots of information from lots of users.

Data Warehouse

1. This article assumes that data is always loaded into a data warehouse, whereas the term ETL can in fact refer to a process that loads any database.
2. An ODS may contain 30 to 60 days of information, while a data warehouse typically contains years of data.
3. The operational database is the source of data for the data warehouse.

Sender

1. The authenticity of the received data can be verified by the receiver who computes a MAC on the data using the same key as the sender.
2. In traditional encryption schemes, the sender and the receiver use the same key to encrypt and decrypt data.
3. The protocol guarantees reliable and in-order delivery of data from sender to receiver.

Tcp

1. The TCP checks that no bytes are damaged by using a checksum computed at the sender for each block of data before it is sent, and checked at the receiver.
2. Next come TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) - the protocols by which one host sends data to another.
3. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): A protocol which makes sure that packets of data are shipped and received in the intended order.

Method

1. A method of encryption in which the same key is used for both encryption and decryption of the data.
2. In computing, a file system is a method for storing and organizing computer files and the data they contain to make it easy to find and access them.
3. The data transferred from one system to another over public network can be protected by the method of encryption.

Data Encryption

1. On the other hand, block ciphers encrypt one block of data at a time and are used more often for data encryption.
2. Data Encryption Standard (DES) A widely-used method of data encryption using a private (secret) key.
3. Cipher An algorithm or system for data encryption.

Encryption

1. If data encryption is selected and negotiated, data is encrypted before transmission.
2. Data encryption is achieved through the use of an algorithm that transforms data from its intelligible form to cipher.
3. Data Encryption The data to be encrypted is treated as sequence of octets.

Data Integrity

1. Firewalls only address the issues of data integrity, confidentiality and authentication of data that is behind the firewall.
2. A packet typically contains a header with addressing information, data, and a checksum to insure data integrity.
3. UDP does guarantee data integrity, and it does this by adding a checksum to the data before transmission.

Client

1. The FTP server must open a new connection to the client when it sends data.
2. When a transfer is being set up, it always initiated by the client; however, either the client or the server may be the sender of data.
3. In FTP all data is passed back and forth between the client and server without the use of encryption.

Packet

1. The main purpose of MAC layer 130 is to encapsulate a data packet within a MAC header according to the DOCSIS standard for transmission of data.
2. Bridge A bridge reads the outermost section of data on the data packet, to tell where the message is going.
3. If the data collides with another data packet, both computers "back off," or wait, then try again to send the data until receipt is acknowledged.

Packets

1. While IP handles the actual delivery of data, TCP tracks the data packets to efficiently route a message through the Internet.
2. This is very important when sending multiple data packets from a large file, so the receiving computer knows when it has all of the necessary data.
3. Above the physical layer, Ethernet stations communicate by sending each other data packets, blocks of data that are individually sent and delivered.

Data Packet

1. The TCP packet will be placed inside an IP data packet with a source and destination IP address along with some other data for network management.
2. Each data packet contains one block of data, and must be acknowledged by an acknowledgment packet before the next packet can be sent.
3. The MAC determines how a data packet is sent across the network, including the source and destination of the packet.

Data Packets

1. When data packets are reached at hub, they are broadcasted to all the computers unlike a switch and only the destined computer receives the data.
2. In general, the link layer takes data from the higher layers, creates data packets, and sends the packets out through the physical layer.
3. A router is a network device that delivers Internet Protocol (IP) data packets to and from multiple computers or devices on a network.

Analysis

1. RK contributed to the study design, recruited patients, was involved in data collection and data analysis and had a major role in writing the paper.
2. Diagnostics In statistical methods and data analysis, a method designed to detect departures from standard conditions or the assumed model.
3. A source for information about statistics and data analysis, including statistical software, and resampling methods in particular.

Categories

1. Information > Communication > Networks > Network
2. Science > Mathematics > Sets > Set
3. Information > Information Technology > Computers > Computer
4. Encyclopedia of Keywords > Nature > Systems > Process
5. Type

Subcategories

Files (18)

Metadata (4)

Access Method Ascii Bit Rate Cd-Rom Cdex Connectionless Protocol Database

Database Administrator Data Collection Data Privacy Data Processing Data Profiling Data Recovery Data Remanence

Data Set Degaussing Dynamic Random Access Memory General Social Survey Handshaking Independent Component Analysis Likelihood Function

Mass Storage Maximum Likelihood Network Performance Questionnaire Random Access Read-Only Memory Repository

Rssowl Sneakernet Tuple Xdi Relation

Related Keywords

* Computer * Computers * Control * Data Analysis * Data Field * Data Link * Data Mining * Data Network * Data Point * Data Source * Data Type * Encrypted * Encrypted Data * Field * Function * Further * Header * Information * Internet * Means * Network * Networks * Number * Point * Points * Present * Process * Program * Sensitive Data * Set * Source * Support * System * Test * Type * Types * Value * Values * Way

1. Books about "Data" in Amazon.com
   

Continue: More Keywords - - - - - - - - - -