KeyWEn.com  
 
 
 
Genes       Article     History   Tree Map
  Encyclopedia of Keywords > Mutations > Genes   Michael Charnine

Keywords and Sections
MITOCHONDRIA
MOLECULAR LEVEL
HUMAN GENOME PROJECT
ESTS
GENE PRODUCTS
DNA SEQUENCE
ALLELES
STUDY
HEREDITY
THOMAS HUNT MORGAN
INHERITANCE
INDIVIDUALS
OFFSPRING
TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS
TUBERIN
PUREBRED ARABIANS
HOMEOBOX
REGULATORY GENES
CLONING
PLASMIDS
REGULATION
TRANSCRIPTION
ENCODED
NUCLEAR GENES
INTRONS
RRNA GENES
ADDITION
TARGET GENES
THALASSEMIA
THREE GENES
GENOMES
GENETICISTS
NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCES
INDIVIDUAL GENES
TSC2
TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES
GENOMICS
HUMAN GENOME
TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
CERTAIN GENES
POLYMORPHISMS
CANDIDATE GENES
CHROMOSOME 22
SEVERAL GENES
DNA SEQUENCES
HUMAN GENES
Review of Short Phrases and Links

    This Review contains major "Genes"- related terms, short phrases and links grouped together in the form of Encyclopedia article. Please click on Move Up to move good phrases up.

Definitions Submit/More Info Add a definition

  1. Genes are defined as segments of DNA that code for polypeptides (proteins). (Web site)
  2. Genes are made of DNA, a substance that tells cells what to do and when to do it. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Genes are arranged linearly along long chains of DNA sequence, called chromosomes. (Web site) Move Up
  4. Genes are 'expressed' (as geneticists put it) only when RNA has delivered the instructions. Move Up
  5. Genes are entities that parents pass to offspring during reproduction. Move Up

Mitochondria Submit/More Info Add phrase and link

  1. A few organisms, such as the Cryptosporidium, actually have mitochondria that lack any DNA, presumably because all their genes have been lost or transferred.

Molecular Level Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Molecular genetics is the field of biology and genetics that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level. (Web site)
  2. At the molecular level, the major regulatory sites include membrane receptors, genes (GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION), mRNAs (RNA, MESSENGER), and proteins. Move Up

Human Genome Project Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The Human Genome Project has estimated that humans have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes.
  2. The Human Genome Project (HGP) endeavored to map the human genome down to the nucleotide (or base pair) level and to identify all the genes present in it. (Web site) Move Up

Ests Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. From the sequenced ESTs, 6,377 contigs were assembled that probably represent 25% of the expressed genes in this organism.
  2. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are studied to identify genes from agriculturally important organisms, many genomes of which are still uncharacterized. Move Up

Gene Products Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. No gene operates in a vacuum; rather, each gene busily interacts either directly or through its protein product with many other genes and gene products.
  2. Microarray technology is one of many novel tools that are allowing global and high-throughput analysis of genes and gene products. Move Up
  3. Most genes contain non-coding regions that do not code for the gene products, but regulate gene expression. (Web site) Move Up

Dna Sequence Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Genetic polymorphism Difference in DNA sequence among individuals, groups, or populations (e.g., genes for blue eyes versus brown eyes).

Alleles Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. This shuffling allows independent assortment of alleles (mutations) in genes to be propagated in the population independently. (Web site)
  2. Sexually reproducing organisms have two sets of genes for every trait (called alleles). Move Up
  3. In the latter, firstly genes or alleles are identified which cause amino acid overproduction, due to their modification, activation or inactivation. (Web site) Move Up

Study Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Many biochemists are also interested in molecular biology, the study of life at the molecular level and the study of genes and gene expression.
  2. Thus, genomics is the study of all the genes of a cell, or tissue, at the DNA (genotype), mRNA (transcriptome), or protein (proteome) levels. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Functional genomics The study of genes, their resulting proteins, and the role played by the proteins the body's biochemical processes. Move Up

Heredity Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Scientists thought DNA was too simple a molecule to play a major role in genes and heredity. (Web site)
  2. Gene: Genes, or units of heredity, are found in all cells of the body. (Web site) Move Up
  3. In Evolution in Four Dimensions, Eva Jablonka and Marion Lamb argue that there is more to heredity than genes. (Web site) Move Up

Thomas Hunt Morgan Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. In 1910, Thomas Hunt Morgan argued that genes are on chromosomes, based on observations of a sex-linked white eye mutation in fruit flies.
  2. In the same year, Thomas Hunt Morgan provided evidence that genes occur on chromosome s and that adjacent genes on the same chromosome form linkage group s. (Web site) Move Up

Inheritance Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The related field of genetics is the study of genes and their role in inheritance. (Web site)
  2. Physical map A map of the locations of identifiable landmarks on DNA (e.g., restriction-enzyme cutting sites, genes), regardless of inheritance. Move Up
  3. The genes involved in this non-Mendelian pattern of inheritance reside outside the nucleus, in the cytoplasm of the cell. (Web site) Move Up

Individuals Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. White studies how networks of genes and proteins control development and disease and how they produce differences between individuals or between species. (Web site)
  2. Not all individuals with Stickler syndrome have mutations in one of the four known genes. Move Up
  3. The proteins that help the heart recover are encoded by genes, which can differ markedly between individuals. Move Up

Offspring Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Amongst large numbers of bacteria offspring, some individuals may carry genes that give them resistance to antibiotics. (Web site)
  2. The offspring of these matings have the genes for both the trait and the preference for the trait. (Web site) Move Up
  3. If they can succeed in this endeavor, people with the disease may be cured but will still be able to pass the genes onto their offspring. (Web site) Move Up

Tuberous Sclerosis Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Mutations of at least two different genes are known to result in tuberous sclerosis. (Web site)

Tuberin Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Tuberous sclerosis has been linked to mutations in the genes coding “hamartin” (chromosome 9) and “tuberin” (chromosome 16).
  2. This condition is caused by a mutation of either TSC1 or TSC2 genes that encode proteins, hamartin and tuberin. (Web site) Move Up

Purebred Arabians Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Purebred Arabians today do not possess genes for most spotting patterns, such as pinto or Appaloosa, except for sabino, discussed below.
  2. Because they do not carry any dilution genes, purebred Arabians cannot be cremello, perlino, palomino or buckskin. (Web site) Move Up

Homeobox Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Genes that have a homeobox are called homeobox genes and form the homeobox gene family.
  2. Duplication of homeobox genes can produce new body segments, and such duplications are likely to have been important in the evolution of segmented animals. Move Up
  3. A particular subgroup of homeobox genes are the Hox genes, which are found in a special gene cluster, the HOX cluster. (Web site) Move Up

Regulatory Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. In general, the regulatory genes produce proteins that bind to and influence the activity of other genes.
  2. These results indicate that Foxa2 is required for the maintenance of expression of regulatory genes in the floorplate. Move Up
  3. Analysis of the expression of regulatory genes has proven to be a useful method to define functional subdivisions of the forebrain. Move Up

Cloning Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Cloning of genes and cells to create many copies in the laboratory is a common procedure essential for biomedical research.
  2. Reverse transcriptase is also a molecular tool used in the cloning of genes and the analysis of gene expression. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Rituximab is a man-made antibody that was developed using cloning and recombinant DNA technology from human and murine (mice or rat) genes. Move Up

Plasmids Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. TA systems have been found located on plasmids or chromosomes in pathogenic bacteria, which suggests that these genes may function in virulence.
  2. Some kinds of plasmids contain genes that help make sure copies are efficiently passed on to both daughter cells when the host cell divides. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Plasmids carry restriction systems, antibiotic resistance genes, heavy-metal cofactors, Nif (nitrogen fixation) genes, and other contingency functions. Move Up

Regulation Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Linkage studies are required to identify the genes involved, which may encode novel proteins crucial to the regulation of iron metabolism.
  2. On the right, we show the coexpression ratio as a function of the fraction of genes whose regulation was unchanged. (Web site) Move Up
  3. A homeobox is a stretch of DNA sequence found in genes involved in the regulation of the development (morphogenesis) of animals, fungi and plants. (Web site) Move Up

Transcription Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Cells regulate the activity of genes in part by increasing or decreasing their rate of transcription.
  2. The development of the mammalian embryo is controlled by regulatory genes, some of which regulate the transcription of other genes. (Web site) Move Up
  3. DNA methylation may impact the transcription of genes in two ways. Move Up

Encoded Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. These tumours often have HPV viral sequences integrated into the cellular DNA. Some of the genes encoded by these viruses are known to act as oncogenes. (Web site)
  2. Genes encoded in DNA are first transcribed into pre- messenger RNA (mRNA) by proteins such as RNA polymerase. Move Up
  3. The exact number of genes encoded by the nucleus and the mitochondrial genome differs between species. Move Up

Nuclear Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The inheritance of genes in chloroplasts and mitochondria differs from that of nuclear genes in several ways. (Web site)
  2. Chloroplasts have their own DNA; these genes are inherited only through the female parent, and are independent of nuclear genes. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Seven of them are encoded in the mitochondrial DNA; the remainder are the products of nuclear genes and are imported into the organelle. Move Up

Introns Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The genes of eukaryotic organisms can contain non-coding regions called introns that are removed from the messenger RNA in a process known as splicing. (Web site)
  2. Intron content is also highly conserved across angiosperms with most genomes containing 18 genes with introns. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Studies on genes with introns will require full-length cDNAs derived from mRNA libraries, and this represents another degree of complexity. Move Up

Rrna Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. A published human mitochondrial DNA sequence revealed 16,569 base pairs encoding 37 total genes, 24 tRNA and rRNA genes and 13 peptide genes.
  2. Liu Y, Leibowitz MJ. Variation and in vitro splicing of group I introns in rRNA genes of Pneumocystis carinii. (Web site) Move Up
  3. OFRG analysis identified rRNA genes from all four major fungal phyla: Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota. (Web site) Move Up

Addition Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. In addition, studies of identical twins, who have the same genes, show that in an estimated 80 to 90 percent of cases, atopic disease appears in both twins. (Web site)
  2. In addition, submitters are required to follow certain guidelines, such as providing unique identifiers for proteins and systematic names for all genes. (Web site) Move Up
  3. In addition, Pezizomycotina have a wealth of phylum specific poorly characterised genes with a wide variety of predicted functions. Move Up

Target Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. New high throughput screening technologies to libraries and organisms for cloning and expression of target genes is another essential technology.
  2. In addition, it has been possible to identify putative Brachyury "target genes" that are responsible for notochord differentiation. Move Up
  3. Identification of novel regulatory factor X (RFX) target genes by comparative genomics in Drosophila species. (Web site) Move Up

Thalassemia Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Defects in the genes that make hemoglobin cause thalassemia. (Web site)
  2. Nevertheless, the genes for sickle cell disease and thalassemia still exist and are passed down to children who will never be exposed to malaria. (Web site) Move Up
  3. The genes for each type of thalassemia are passed from parents to their children. Move Up

Three Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Third, the three genes of the sex -related locus identified in the microsporidia may each be paralogous with the genes in the sex locus of zygomycetes. (Web site)
  2. In addition to the modifications of blastema homeostasis, mutations in the three genes alter the rate of regeneration-induced transdetermination. Move Up
  3. The loss of three genes causes hemoglobin H disease which is a moderately severe form of thalassemia. Move Up

Genomes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. As a result, the genomes of these viruses are unusually compact for the number of genes they contain, which biologists view as an adaptation. (Web site)
  2. A scan for positively selected genes in the genomes of humans and chimpanzees. Move Up
  3. The genes (hagA and hagB) were adjacent, divergently oriented and had no orthologs in the genomes of other Bordetella species. Move Up

Geneticists Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Geneticists regularly use viruses as vectors to introduce genes into cells that they are studying.
  2. � By the early twentieth century, geneticists had associated the presence of genes with chromosomes. Move Up
  3. For geneticists, biodiversity is the diversity of genes and organisms. (Web site) Move Up

Nucleotide Sequences Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. FIG. 2. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of coronavirus S genes. (Web site)
  2. Genes code for the nucleotide sequences in mRNA, tRNA and rRNA, required for protein synthesis. Move Up
  3. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. (Web site) Move Up

Individual Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The use of permutation-based analysis accounts for correlations in genes and avoids parametric assumptions about the distribution of individual genes. (Web site)
  2. Genetic variation is readily detectable by analyzing the nucleotide sequences of individual genes in different H. pylori strains [ 6]. Move Up
  3. In addition to variation among H. pylori strains in the sequences of individual genes, there is considerable variation among strains in gene content. Move Up

Tsc2 Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The disease is caused by mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 genes, coding hamartin and tuberin, respectively. (Web site)
  2. Mutational analysis of TSC1 and TSC2 genes in Japanese patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. Move Up
  3. Mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes cause tuberous sclerosis, a benign tumor syndrome in humans. (Web site) Move Up

Tumor Suppressor Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Tumor suppressor genes are genes which inhibit cell division, survival, or other properties of cancer cells. (Web site)
  2. TSC1 and TSC2 are both tumor suppressor genes that function according to Knudson's "two hit" hypothesis. (Web site) Move Up
  3. The TSC1 and TSC2 genes behave as tumor suppressor genes. (Web site) Move Up

Genomics Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Genomics is closely related to, and sometimes considered a branch of, Genetics, which is the study of genes and heredity. (Web site)
  2. In the context of genomics, annotation is the process of marking the genes and other biological features in a DNA sequence. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Genomics is the large-scale investigation of the structure and function of genes. (Web site) Move Up

Human Genome Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. With completion of a rough draft of the human genome, many researchers are now looking at how genes and proteins interact to form other proteins.
  2. From a genetic point of view, the human genome project has revealed that the human genome consists of some 30,000 genes. (Web site) Move Up
  3. The human genome contains approximately 25,000 genes within its 3,000,000,000 base pairs of DNA, which form the 46 chromosomes found in a human cell. (Web site) Move Up

Transcription Factors Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Transcription factors are regulatory proteins that bind to the start of genes, either promoting or inhibiting the transcription of the gene.
  2. Other transcription factors differentially regulate the expression of various genes by binding to enhancer regions of DNA adjacent to regulated genes. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Transcription factors produced as a result of a signal transduction cascade can in turn activate yet more genes. (Web site) Move Up

Certain Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Researchers have discovered that changes in certain genes (basic units of heredity) raise the risk of colorectal cancer. (Web site)
  2. Having mutations in certain genes that affect alcohol metabolism may increase the risk of alcoholic liver disease and alcohol-associated cancers. Move Up
  3. Also, women who carry certain genes called BRCA1 and BRCA2 are more likely to have breast cancer. Move Up

Polymorphisms Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The possibility that mutations or polymorphisms in other genes are involved in determining a severe disease phenotype is an attractive one. (Web site)
  2. Polymorphisms in genes whose proteins interact with BRCA1, ZNF350, and BRIP1 are unlikely to account for a significant fraction of inherited breast cancer. Move Up
  3. Gastric marginal zone lymphoma is associated with polymorphisms in genes involved in inflammatory response and antioxidative capacity. (Web site) Move Up

Candidate Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. To further verify the expression of these genes, we focused on candidate genes that had a stable hairpin structures or a high level of covariance.
  2. Epidemiological studies have identified polymorphisms in a number of candidate genes that may influence the progression of liver fibrosis in humans (18). (Web site) Move Up
  3. Prediction of the risk of myocardial infarction from polymorphisms in candidate genes. Move Up

Chromosome 22 Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Several genes from chromosome 22 are not present in DiGeorge syndrome patients. (Web site)
  2. DiGeorge syndrome is caused by a deletion of several genes from chromosome 22. Move Up
  3. Although the two chromosomes are approximately the same length, chromosome 22 has more than twice as many genes as chromosome 21. (Web site) Move Up

Several Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. These ESTs include several genes that may be potentially ecdysteroid-responsive, such as homologs to chaperone proteins and cuticle protein genes.
  2. Researchers have linked mistakes, or mutations, in the genetic code of several genes to elevated cholesterol levels and heart disease. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Mutations in one of several genes, especially a gene called BRCA2, put you at greater risk of developing breast and prostate cancers. (Web site) Move Up

Dna Sequences Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. The recovery and identification of genes and other DNA sequences by cloning or by PCR is a powerful tool for analyzing genomic structure and function.
  2. Some DNA sequences are involved with regulation of genes, changes in these sites may be deleterious. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a computer program that trains itself to predict genes in the DNA sequences of fungi. (Web site) Move Up

Human Genes Move Up Add phrase and link

  1. Although there are about 26,000 human genes, the proteome is larger than the genome, in the sense that there are more proteins than genes. (Web site)
  2. The Patent Office (now the Canadian Intellectual Property Office) regularly allows patents on human genes, proteins, cells and DNA sequences. (Web site) Move Up
  3. Of these 6,000 patents, over 1,000 are specifically drawn to human genes and human gene variations that distinguish individuals. Move Up

Categories Submit/More Info

  1. Mutations
  2. Expression Move Up
  3. Chemistry > Biochemistry > Molecular Biology > Proteins Move Up
  4. Encyclopedia of Keywords > Nature > Life > Gene Move Up
  5. Information > Science > Mathematics > Function Move Up

Subcategories Submit/More Info

Dystrophin
Fibrillin
Gene Family
Trypsin

    Related Keywords

      * Cell * Cells * Chromosome * Chromosomes * Coli * Discovery * Disease * Dna * Enzymes * Evolution * Expression * Function * Gene * Genes Associated * Genes Encoding * Genome * Hemoglobin * Hemoglobin Genes * Humans * Identification * Inherited * Large Number * Mice * Mutation * Mutations * Number * Organism * Organisms * Parent * Parents * Phenotypes * Proteins * Research * Researchers * Result * Sequence * Sequences * Sequencing * Species * Specific Genes * Strains * Transfer * Tsc1 * Variation
    1. Books about "Genes" in Amazon.com

    Continue: More Keywords - - - - - - - - - - Submit/More Info

    Book: Keywen Category Structure


      Short phrases about "Genes"
      Originally created: August 01, 2010.
      Links checked: April 22, 2013.
      Please send us comments and questions by this Online Form
      Click on Submit/More Info to submit a phrase/keyword and to see more info.
      Please click on Move Up to move good phrases up.
    0.0222 sec. a=1..